UNKNOWN FACTS ABOUT INDIA

UNKNOWN FACTS ABOUT INDIA

1. India is one of only three countries that makes supercomputers (the US and Japan are the other two).
2. India is one of six countries that launches satellites.
3. The Bombay stock exchange lists more than 6,600 companies. Only the NYSE has more.
4. Eight Indian companies are listed on the NYSE; three on the NASDAQ.
5. By volume of pills produced, the Indian pharmaceutical industry is the world’s second largest after China.
6. India has the second largest community of software developers, after the U.S.
7. India has the second largest network of paved highways, after the U.S.
8. India is the world’s largest producer of milk, and among the top five producers of sugar, cotton, tea, coffee, spices, rubber, silk, and fish.
9. 100 of the Fortune 500 companies have R&D facilities in India.
10. Two million people of Indian origin live in the U.S.
11. Indian-born Americans are among the most affluent and best educated of the recent immigrant groups in the U.S.
12. Thirty percent of the R&D researchers in American pharmaceutical companies are Indian Americans.
13. Nearly 49% of the high-tech startups in silicon Valley and Washington, D.C. are owned by Indians or Indian-Americans.
14. India sends more students to U.S. colleges than any country in the world. In 2004-2005, over 80,000 Indian students entered the U.S. China sent only 65,000 students during the same time.
15. In a case decided by the U.S. Supreme Court, an Indian-American woman scientist, Dr. Ananda Chakrabaty, won the argument that persons may be granted patents for useful manufacture of living organisms. She defeated the U.S. Patent Office, that argued that living things may not be patented, thus establishing the legal foundation for the biotech industry, (Diamond vs. Chakrabaty, 1980). Dr. Chakrabaty invented a microbe that eats oil spills.

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How Bermuda Triangle Works!!!

 How Bermuda Triangle Works!!!

You won't find it on any official map and you won't know when you cross the line, but according to some people, the Bermuda Triangle is a very real place where dozen of ships, planes and people have disappeared with no good explanation. Since a magazine first coined the phrase "Bermuda Triangle" in 1964, the mystery has continued to attract attention. When you dig deeper into most cases, though, they're much less mysterious. Either they were never in the area to begin with, they were actually found, or there's a reasonable explanation for their disappearance.

Does this mean there's nothing to the claims of so many who have had odd experiences in the Bermuda Triangle? Not necessarily. Scientists have documented deviations from the norm in the area and have found some interesting formations on the seafloor within the Bermuda Triangle's boundaries. So, for those who like to believe in it, there is plenty fuel for the fire.
In this article, we'll look at the facts surrounding what we do know about the area as well as some of the most commonly-recited stories. We'll also explore the bizarre theories like aliens and space portals as well as the mundane explanations.

­Many think of the Bermuda Triangle, also known as the Devil's Triangle, as an "imaginary" area. The U. S. Board of Geographic Names does not recognize the Bermuda Triangle and does not maintain an official file on it. However, within this imaginary area, many real vessels and the people aboard them have seemingly disappeared without explanation.

The Bermuda Triangle is located off the Southeastern coast of the United States in the Atlantic Ocean, with its apexes in the vicinities of Bermuda, Miami, Florida, and San Juan, Puerto Rico. It covers roughly 500,000 square miles.

The area may have been named after its Bermuda apex since Bermuda was once known as the "Isle of Devils." Treacherous reefs that have ensnared ships sailing too close to its shores surround Bermuda, and there are hundreds of shipwrecks in the waters that surround it.

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Unexplained Mysteries of The World- Crop Circles

Unexplained Mysteries of The World

Crop Circles

The original crop circles were exactly that - basic circular patterns of flattened crops - often created in mysterious circumstances overnight. During the last 20 years, crop circles have evolved into complex geometric shapes, like the DNA double helix or the nautilus shell. Whatever creates them has become rapidly more advanced in just a period of a few decades.

The first crop circle was recorded in 1966, when an Australian sugar cane farmer claimed to see a saucer-shaped spaceship rise up from a swamp before flying away. When he looked at the landing site, he said he found the reeds intricately woven in a clockwise direction on top of the water. Over the years there have been many other anecdotal accounts of crop circles appearing in alien UFO literature, where sometimes the crops were burnt, otherwise flattened.

As unexplained mysteries go, this one has been debunked by numerous experts, who have provided ample evidence that crop circles are a giant man-made hoax...

In 1991, two men from Southampton, England, admitted they had been creating hoax crop circles for 15 years. They could make intricate patterns using planks, rope, hats and wire - and could create a 40-foot circle in 15 minutes. The only reason they came clean was because one of the men was running up considerable mileage on his car and had to convince his wife he wasn't having an affair. He still publicly demonstrates the art today.

Further studies have dismissed claims that alien saucers have been leaving excessive nitrate deposits at crop circle locations. The trace deposits are explained by the nitrate-based fertilizers used by farmers to grow their crops.

Other paranormal fans claim that there is a mysterious energy left behind within crop circles and people go there to mentally make contact with an extra-terrestrial energy. What could possibly create such a widespread psychological effect?

Science refers to this as The Placebo Effect - where the mind can produce powerful effects on the body simply because the person expects it to. Indeed, the mind is so powerful (and science fully accepts this) that it can sometimes heal the body just as well as medicine when that medicine is replaced by a sugar pill.

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MS EXCEL SHORTCUTS

MS EXCEL SHORTCUTS

Ctrl+Z	Undo
Ctrl+C Enter, Ctrl+V Ctrl+X	Copy, Paste, Multiple Paste, Cut
Ctrl+F, Ctrl+H	Find, Find&Replace
Ctrl+P, Ctrl+S, Ctrl+F4, Alt+F4	Print, Save, Close, Close Excel
Ctrl+Arrow	Move to edge of region
Ctrl+*	Select current region
Ctrl+A	Select all cells
Ctrl+Home Ctrl+End	Select A1, Select last cell in used range
Ctrl+Shift+End	Select from active cell to last cell in used range.
Ctrl+Shift+Home	Select from active cell to A1
Ctrl+Page Down Ctrl+Page Up	Move to the next sheet, Move to the previous sheet
Ctrl+Tab	Move to next open workbook
Ctrl+N	Open new workbook
Shift+F11	Insert new worksheet
Shift+F3	Paste function window
=+FunctionName+Ctrl+A	Insert new function
Alt+F11	Open VBE
Ctrl+Shift+Enter	Array formula
Ctrl+F3, F3	Define name, Paste name
Ctrl+Spacebar Shift+Spacebar	Select columns, Select rows
Ctrl+1, Ctrl+B, Ctrl+U	Format cells, Bold, Underline
Ctrl+; , Ctrl+shift+:	Current date, Current time

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Basic PC Short Cuts

Shortcut Keys	Description
Alt + F	File menu options in current program.
Alt + E	Edit options in current program
F1	Universal Help in almost every Windows program.
Ctrl + A	Select all text.
Ctrl + X	Cut selected item.
Shift + Del	Cut selected item.
Ctrl + C	Copy selected item.
Ctrl + Ins	Copy selected item
Ctrl + V	Paste
Shift + Ins	Paste
Home	Goes to beginning of current line.
Ctrl + Home	Goes to beginning of document.
End	Goes to end of current line.
Ctrl + End	Goes to end of document.
Shift + Home	Highlights from current position to beginning of line.
Shift + End	Highlights from current position to end of line.
Ctrl + Left arrow	Moves one word to the left at a time.
Ctrl + Right arrow	Moves one word to the right at a time.

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MS Word Keyboard Short cuts

Shortcut Keys	Description
Ctrl + 0	Adds or removes 6pts of spacing before a paragraph.
Ctrl + A	Select all contents of the page.
Ctrl + B	Bold highlighted selection.
Ctrl + C	Copy selected text.
Ctrl + E	Aligns the line or selected text to the center of the screen.
Ctrl + F	Open find box.
Ctrl + I	Italic highlighted selection.
Ctrl + J	Aligns the selected text or line to justify the screen.
Ctrl + K	Insert link.
Ctrl + L	Aligns the line or selected text to the left of the screen.
Ctrl + M	Indent the paragraph.
Ctrl + P	Open the print window.
Ctrl + R	Aligns the line or selected text to the right of the screen.
Ctrl + T	Create a hanging indent.
Ctrl + U	Underline highlighted selection.
Ctrl + V	Paste.
Ctrl + X	Cut selected text.
Ctrl + Y	Redo the last action performed.
Ctrl + Z	Undo last action.
Ctrl + Shift + L	Quickly create a bullet point.
Ctrl + Shift + F	Change the font.
Ctrl + Shift + >	Increase selected font +1pts up to 12pt and then increases font +2pts.
Ctrl + ]	Increase selected font +1pts.
Ctrl + Shift + <	Decrease selected font -1pts if 12pt or lower, if above 12 decreases font by +2pt.
Ctrl + [	Decrease selected font -1pts.
Ctrl + / + c	Insert a cent sign (¢).
Ctrl + ' + <char>	Insert a character with an accent (grave) mark, where <char> is the character you want. For example, if you wanted an accented è you would use Ctrl + ' + e as your shortcut key. To reverse the accent mark use the opposite accent mark, often on the tilde key.
Ctrl + Shift + *	View or hide non printing characters.
Ctrl + <left arrow>	Moves one word to the left.
Ctrl + <right arrow>	Moves one word to the right.
Ctrl + <up arrow>	Moves to the beginning of the line or paragraph.
Ctrl + <down arrow>	Moves to the end of the paragraph.
Ctrl + Del	Deletes word to right of cursor.
Ctrl + Backspace	Deletes word to left of cursor.
Ctrl + End	Moves the cursor to the end of the document.
Ctrl + Home	Moves the cursor to the beginning of the document.
Ctrl + Spacebar	Reset highlighted text to the default font.
Ctrl + 1	Single-space lines.
Ctrl + 2	Double-space lines.
Ctrl + 5	1.5-line spacing.
Ctrl + Alt + 1	Changes text to heading 1.
Ctrl + Alt + 2	Changes text to heading 2.
Ctrl + Alt + 3	Changes text to heading 3.
Alt + Ctrl + F2	Open new document.
Ctrl + F1	Open the Task Pane.
Ctrl + F2	Display the print preview.
Ctrl + Shift + >	Increases the highlighted text size by one.
Ctrl + Shift + <	Decreases the highlighted text size by one.
Ctrl + Shift + F6	Opens to another open Microsoft Word document.
Ctrl + Shift + F12	Prints the document.
F1	Open Help.
F4	Repeat the last action performed (Word 2000+)
F5	Open the find, replace, and go to window in Microsoft Word.
F7	Spellcheck and grammar check selected text or document.
F12	Save as.
Shift + F3	Change the text in Microsoft Word from uppercase to lowercase or a capital letter at the beginning of every word.
Shift + F7	Runs a Thesaurus check on the word highlighted.
Shift + F12	Save.
Shift + Enter	Create a soft break instead of a new paragraph.
Shift + Insert	Paste.
Shift + Alt + D	Insert the current date.
Shift + Alt + T	Insert the current time.

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Aircraft structures

Aircraft structures

Aircraft structures are the structures, large and small, common or uncommon, that make up aircraft of any sort, size, or purpose. Purpose Structures fulfill a purpose in an aircraft, either simple or complex. Each sub-structure interfaces with the other structures in the same aircraft. Ultimately parts work together to accomplish safe flight. Classification General Aircraft structures may be classified by any of the following general categories: purpose integration with other structures and the aircraft as a whole history of the structure problems and successes of the structure value to the particular aircraft cost supply manufacturer wear characteristics safety quotient popularity specified use hazards relative to the structure inspection challenges maintenance replacement protocol. By type of wing Aircraft structures may be classified by the type of wing employed, as this dictates much of the supporting structure: Single planar winged Non-planar winged Biplane Triplane Ring winged Spanwise rotary winged Vertical rotary axis winged Morphable wing Flexible winged Rigid winged Flying wing parachutes and dogues Lifting bodies Winged man system Reentry-from-space vehicle Classic aircraft structures Classic aircraft components Wing (skins, spars, ribs) Fuselage (skin, bulkhead, frame, heavy frames and bulkheads) Control system Thrust system Empennage Stringers or longerons Spars Landing system Launching system Accessory structures on board The interaction of these structural components with mechanical systems may include: Undercarriage Ejection seat Powerplant The locations of major components and systems will optimise the aircraft's weight and strength. For example in most modern military jets the heavy frame in the fuselage that supports the nose undercarriage also has the ejector seat rail mounted to it. In this way the frame has multiple functions, thus reducing weight and cost. The location of structural components is also important with respect to the aircraft's center-of-gravity, which has great effect on the aircraft's stability. The materials and manufacturing techniques of the structural components are optimized during the design process. For example, stringers may be manufactured by bending sheet metal or by extrusion to optimize weight and cost, whereas a robust frame that supports a heavy component such as an engine may be a cast or machined to optimize strength

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